![]() ![]() Non-invasive assessment of ventilation can be performed by end-tidal (EtCO 2) or transcutaneous (TCOM) monitoring of carbon dioxide (CO 2). With the advent of pulse oximetry, continuous, non-invasive assessment of oxygenation is common practice and has been evaluated in multiple randomized controlled trials in preterm neonates. This review includes a description of the various types of CO 2 monitoring and their applications, benefits, and limitations in neonates.Īrterial blood gas (ABG) measurement is the gold standard assessment of gas exchange. Continuous CO 2 monitoring is helpful in trending PaCO 2 in critically ill neonates on respiratory support and can potentially lead to early detection and minimization of fluctuations in PaCO 2. A colorimetric CO 2 detector (a modified end-tidal CO 2 detector) is recommended by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) and the American Academy of Pediatrics to confirm endotracheal tube placement. Two common methods of non-invasive CO 2 monitoring are end-tidal and transcutaneous. Non-invasive carbon dioxide (CO 2) monitoring has become ubiquitous in anesthesia and critical care and is being increasingly used in neonates. Blood gas measurement is the gold standard for assessing gas exchange but is intermittent, invasive, and contributes to iatrogenic blood loss. Wide fluctuations in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) can potentially be associated with neurological and lung injury in neonates.
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